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3 | README - olsr.org OLSR daemon 0.4.8, 05.12.04 |
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6 Andreas Tonnesen(andreto@olsr.org)
7 Thomas Lopatic (thomas@lopatic.de)
13 I. - GENERAL INFORMATION
15 * GETTING HOLD OF OLSRD
19 * LINK QUALITY ROUTING
23 II. - BUILDING AND RUNNING OLSRD
35 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
36 I. - GENERAL INFORMATION
37 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
43 The olsr.org OLSR daemon is an implementation of the Optimized Link State
44 routing protocol. The protocol is documented in RFC3626. The website
45 of olsrd is http://www.olsr.org
46 Olsrd started out as part of the master thesis project for Andreas Tønnesen
47 at UniK University Graduate Center in Norway. This master thesis is now
48 finished(it is available for download at the olsrd website) but the olsrd
49 project moves on. Initially olsrd only compiled for GNU/Linux systems.
50 Then Thomas Lopatic joined up with the project in aug. 04 and he has seen
51 to it that olsrd now, also compiles on MS-Windows, Mac OSX and FreeBSD.
53 Olsrd is designed to be a modular an extensible implementation. It features
54 a plugin interface, allowing for developers to extend OLSR operation without
55 interfering with the core code. It also features a experimental link quality
56 routing scheme, by Thomas and people at the c-base in Berlin.
58 To ask questions or make comments, join up with the mailing lists:
59 olsr-dev@olsr.org - development discussion
60 olsr-users@olsr.org - usage discussion
62 A bug tracker is also available at the sourceforge project site
63 http://sourceforge.net/projects/olsrd/
65 Olsrd source or binaries can be downloaded from olsr.org. CVS is available
79 If olsrd is ran without using link-quality routing/MPR selection it is RFC3626
80 compliant in that it will inter-operate with other RFC3626 implementations.
81 Internally there are a few things that are solved differently that proposed
82 in the RFC. Check out the "Conclusions" section of my master thesis for details.
89 Olsrd supports dynamic loading of plugins(dynamically loaded libraries) for
90 functions like generation and processing of private package types, setting
91 olsrd configurations in run-time and much more. This design is chosen for
92 amongst others, the following reasons:
94 * No need to change any code in the olsr daemon to add custom packages or
96 * Users are free to implement olsrd plugins and license them under whatever
98 * If you, unlike yours truly, don't love C, the plugins can be written in
99 any language that can be compiled as a dynamic library. Linux even allows
101 * No need for people with extended OLSR versions to rely on heavy patching
102 to maintain functionality when new olsrd versions are released.
104 OLSR provides a default forwarding algorithm that allows for forwarding of OLSR
105 messages of unknown types. This is really neat - because it means that even if
106 only a subset of the nodes in the network actually known how to interpret
107 a certain message type - all nodes will forward them according to the MPR
108 pragma. A user may want to use the optimized flooding technique in OLSR to
109 broadcast certain information, routing related or not, to all nodes that knows
110 how to handle this message. Services that needs to broadcast/multicast data can
111 encapsulate data in a private OLSR message type using a olsrd plugin.
113 The design of the various entities of OLSR allows one to easily add special
114 functionality into most aspects of OLSR. One can both register functions and
115 unregister them with the socket parser, packet parser, scheduler and HNA set etc.
116 This opens up for possibilities like intercepting current operation and replacing
117 it with custom actions.
119 Plugins that are part of this release(can be found in the lib/ directory):
121 - Dynamic Internet gateway. A plugin that dynamically adds and removes Internet
122 HNA transmissions based on if there exists a default gateway to Internet
123 with hop count = 0(non OLSR gateway). It has been extended to be able to
124 ping Internet nodes to check for connectivity as well.
126 - Dot draw. A plugin that produces output in the dot format representing
127 the network topology.
129 - Secure OLSR plugin. This plugin adds a signature to all messages
130 to ensure data integrity. This way only nodes with access to the
131 shared key can participate in the routing.
132 You need to have the OpenSSL libs installed to use this plugin.
134 - Power plugin. A plugin that uses OLSRs MPR flooding to spread information
135 about the power status of nodes. Meant as an example plugin to get coders
139 ========================
140 * LINK QUALITY ROUTING
141 ========================
143 Release 0.4.8 is the first version of olsrd that implements the ETX
144 link quality metric. This enables olsrd to prefer routes that have a
145 superior overall quality to routes that are worse but consist of less
146 hops. Have a look at the README-Link-Quality.html file for details.
152 We suspect that in the previous version 0.4.7 OLSR traffic, in
153 particular HELLO messages, is more prone to packet loss than data
154 traffic. We think so, because the OLSR people of Vienna have excellent
155 links but link detection reports links as broken very often. This
156 problem exists in 0.4.7. We think that the reason for this is that in
157 multi-interface configurations olsrd 0.4.7 sends HELLO messages via
158 all interfaces at the same time without any jitter, which probably
159 results in interference, as HELLO messages from different interfaces
160 "collide". 0.4.8 should solve this problem, as we now have
161 per-interface jitter when sending HELLO messages. So collisions
162 between HELLO messages of different interfaces should be significantly
163 reduced. So, if you have a multi-interface configuration, too, please
164 let us know if you observe anything unusual. We'll also keep
165 investigating this problem with the Vienna guys.
171 As the 0.4.8 release contains huge amounts of new code, the releases up to 0.5
172 will focus much on bug fixing. If relatively serious bugs are found new releases
173 will be made fixing thees issues.
174 Asides from that there will be some focus on redesigning the IPC interface, and
175 hopefully we will end up with a neat platform independent GUI front-end to
176 work over this new IPC interface.
177 IPv6 support for Windows, FreeBSD and OSX will also be an issue.
180 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
181 II. - BUILDING AND RUNNING OLSRD
182 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
184 =======================
185 * GENERAL INFORMATION
186 =======================
188 Olsrd is implemented in pure C with very few dependencies. The 0.4.8
189 release has removed the pthread dependency making olsrd even more
190 portable! Olsrd is known to run on various hardware like:
191 * x86 - your regular PC
192 * PPC - Macintosh hardware
193 * MIPSEL - Embedded systems like the LinkSys WRT54g
194 * ARM - Embedded systems like Compaq/HP iPaq
195 A binary tarball featuring x86, MIPSEL and ARM binaries is available
196 for download at olsr.org
202 All the available plugins are also implemented in C and requires gcc/libc
203 to build. the dot_draw plugin compiles for Windows and GNU/Linux. the rest
204 of the plugins will only compile for GNU/Linux.
205 Building the plugins are just a matter of executing:
207 while installing requires(as root):
209 To use the plugins add them to the olsrd configuration file.
215 A GUI front end for GNU/Linux using GTK is available in the gui/ directory.
216 this implementation is really no longer supported, but it should work with
217 0.4.8 except that it will not show correct configuration parameters.
219 There currently is, however, a native MFC-based Windows GUI. Unlike
220 olsrd the GUI has to be compiled with Visual C++ 6. It can be found in
221 the gui/win32/ directory. Simply open the "Frontend.dsw" workspace in
222 the Visual C++ 6 IDE. Then compile "Frontend" and "Shim", which
223 creates "Switch.exe" and "Shim.exe".
225 To run the Windows GUI simply make sure that "Switch.exe", "Shim.exe",
226 "olsrd.exe", "olsrd_cfgparser.dll", and "Default.olsr" are located in
227 the same directory and run "Switch.exe". "Shim.exe" is just an
228 auxiliary console application that is required by "Switch.exe".
230 The GUI is pretty self-explanatory. The three buttons on the lower
231 right of the GUI window start the OLSR server, stop the OLSR server,
234 Use the "Settings" tab to specify the options that the GUI uses to run
235 the OLSR server "olsrd.exe". When you click "Start" the GUI generates
236 a temporary configuration file from the information given by the
237 "Settings" tab. This temporary configuration file is passed to the
238 OLSR server via its "-f" option.
240 "Offer Internet connection" is only available if you have an Internet
241 connection, i.e. if you have a default route configured. If you tick
242 this option an HNA entry for the default route is added to the
243 temporary configuration file, allowing other nodes in the OLSR network
244 to use your Internet connection.
246 IP version 6 cannot currently be selected, as support for IPv6 is not
247 yet complete in the Windows version.
249 "Enable ETX link quality" tells the OLSR server to detect the quality
250 of its links to its neighbors using a variant of the ETX
251 metric. "Window size" specifies the number of most recent packets to
252 be used when calculating the packet loss. If, for example, this
253 parameter is set to 10, then the OLSR server will calculate the packet
254 loss among the most recent 10 OLSR packets received from each
255 neighbor. If "For MPR selection only" is active, the link quality
256 information is only used to select MPRs that offer the best paths to
257 your two-hop neighbors. If "For MPR selection and routing" is active,
258 the link quality is additionally used to create the routing table.
260 WARNING - Enabling ETX breaks compliance with the OLSR
261 standard. ETX-enabled nodes do not inter-operate with nodes that have
262 ETX switched off. DO NOT USE NODES WITH DIFFERENT ETX SETTINGS IN A
265 The three buttons on the lower right of the "Settings" tab open
266 previously saved settings, save the current settings to a
267 configuration file, and reset the current settings to default values.
269 If you start the GUI with the path to a configuration file as the only
270 command line argument, the GUI opens the given configuration file and
271 runs the OLSR server with this configuration. So, saving a
272 configuration file with a ".olsr" extension, for example, and making
273 "Switch.exe" the handler for ".olsr" files enables you to run the OLSR
274 server with a simple double click on the configuration file.
276 The "Output" tab shows the output of the currently running OLSR
277 server. The output is limited to 1000 lines. The 1001st line will make
278 the first line disappear and so on. When you click "Start" The GUI
279 simply invokes the OLSR server "olsrd.exe" and intercepts its console
280 output. Use the four buttons on the upper right of the tab to freeze
281 the output, resume frozen output, save the output to a file, or clear
284 The "Nodes" tab contains information about the nodes that the OLSR
285 server currently knows about. If you click on the address of a node in
286 the "Node list" list box, the GUI populates the three "Node
287 information" list boxes on the right with the multi-point relays of
288 the selected node (MPR), the interfaces of the selected node (MID),
289 and the non-OLSR networks accessible via the selected node (HNA).
291 The "Routes" tab shows the routes that the currently running OLSR
294 The default settings for the "Settings" tab are taken from the
295 "Default.olsr" file. The configuration of the last interface in this
296 file is used to populate the per-interface settings (HELLO interval,
297 etc.) in the "Settings" tab. If you do not want to specify any
298 interface in "Default.olsr", the problem arises that you do not have
299 such a last interface. In this case simply create an interface with
300 the special name of "GUI". This tells the GUI to use the configuration
301 of the interface for the per-interface settings and to forget about
302 this interface afterward. See the comments in the "Default.olsr" file
310 To build olsrd you need to have all the regular development tools installed.
311 This includes gcc, make, glibc, makedep etc.
312 To install to a directory different from /(/etc, /usr/bin) use INSTALL_PREFIX=targetdir
313 To use other compilers set CC=yourcompiler
319 To delete object files run:
323 Before running olsrd you must edit the default configuration file /etc/olsrd.conf
324 adding at least what interfaces olsrd is to run on. Options in the config file can
325 also be overridden by command line options. See the manual pages olsrd(8) and
326 olsrd.conf(5) for details.
327 The binary is named 'olsrd' and is installed in (PREFIX)/usr/sbin.
328 You must have root privileges to run olsrd!
329 To run olsrd just type:
332 If debug level is set to 0 olsrd will detach and run in the background, if not
333 it will keep running in your shell.
341 To compile the Windows version of the OLSR server or the dot_draw
342 plugin you need a Cygwin installation with a current version of GCC
343 and Mingw32. Simply use
347 to build the olsrd executable. Building the dot_draw plugin works
348 slightly different, we do not yet have a unified makefile for all
349 architectures here. Switch to the dot_draw directory lib/dot_draw/ and
350 generate the Windows makefile by saying
354 This will generate "Makefile.win32" by adding dependencies to
355 "Makefile.win32.in". Then just say
357 make -f Makefile.win32
359 to build the dot_draw plugin. However, make sure that you have build
360 olsrd before that, as the dot_draw plugin requires some object files
361 that are only generated when olsrd is built.
365 On Linux network interfaces have nice names like "eth0". In contrast,
366 Windows internally identifies network interfaces by pretty awkward
369 "{EECD2AB6-C2FC-4826-B92E-CAA53B29D67C}"
371 Hence, the Windows version implements its own naming scheme that maps
372 each internal name to a made-up name like "if03", which is easier to
373 memorize. Simply invoke the OLSR server as follows to obtain its view
378 This lists the made-up interface names along with their current IP
379 addresses to enable you to find out which made-up interface name
380 corresponds to which of your physical interfaces.
382 "+" in front of the IP addresses means that the OLSR server has
383 identified the interface as a WLAN interface. "-" indicates that the
384 OLSR server considers this interface to be a wired interface. "?"
385 means "no idea". Detection currently only works on NT, 2000, and
386 XP. Windows 9x and ME will always display "?".
388 For techies: The made-up names consist of the string "if" followed by
389 a two-digit hex representation of the least significant byte of the
390 Windows-internal interface index, which should be different for each
391 interface and thus make each made-up name unique. Again, this is
392 undocumented and this assumption may be wrong in certain cases. So, if
393 the "-int" option reports two interfaces that have the same name,
394 please do let me know.
396 *** CONFIGURATION FILE
398 If you do not specify a configuration file, the OLSR server
399 ("olsrd.exe") by default attempts to use "olsrd.conf" in your Windows
400 directory, e.g. "C:\WINDOWS\olsrd.conf".
407 The FreeBSD version is an initial port. It has not been extensively
408 tested beyond "doesn't core dump and it looks like it adds routes". In
409 order to build it, you need GNU make. Then use
413 to build the olsrd executable. Then say
417 to install the executable, the default configuration file, and the
418 manual pages. So, basically it's the same as on Linux. Have a look at
419 the Linux section for details.
425 The OS X port is a direct descendant of the FreeBSD port. So, the same
426 limitations with respect to testing and maturity apply. Building and
427 installing works in the same was as on FreeBSD, except that you have
428 to use "osx" instead of "fbsd", as in
433 $Id: README,v 1.8 2004/12/05 21:45:46 tlopatic Exp $